Architecture tour in india

Architecture tour in india

The architecture of India is show i its history, culture and religion.in india a number of architectural styles and traditions,

 Hindu temple architecture 

 Indo-Islamic architecture

British architecture

 are the best known historical styles. Both of these, but especially the former, have a number of regional styles within them. Example

 Harappan architecture of the Indus Valley Civilisation.

Hindu Architecture 

Hindu architecture is a very old arectechure . In the Hindu architecture has manily three types tample .

Dravidian architecture

Nagoer architecture

Besar architecture

Dravidian architecture was archiitectural idiom that emarged in the sothern arectechure part of the Indian subcontinent or south india it consists  primarily of temples with pyramid  shaped towers and arc constructed to sand stone mentioned temple one of three stylish of building in the ancient book vasthu shastra .the majority of structure are located in southern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,Kerla,Tamil nadu and telangna.various kingdom and empire s suchas the Cholas,pandyas,chera,kakatiyas,

pallavs,rashtrakutas ,chaluks,guptan,hoysalas and Vijayanagar empire.among  others have made substantial. Contribution to the cvalution,of Dravidian architecture.

The architecture found in parts of North India.

 

Chola style The three Chola temples in India are exemplary production in the Dravidian style of temple architecture. The Brihadisvara temples are situated at Thanjavur, the ancient capital of the Chola kings. King Rajaraja Chola constructed the Brihadisvara Temple in 10th century A.D., designed by the famous architect Sama Varma.

temples consist almost invairrably of the three parts.

Arranged in differing in manners but differing  in themselves  only according  tot the age in which they were executed.

The porches or main tops which always cover and precede the door leading to the cell gate pyramid gopuras, which are the principle featuer inthe quadrangle, enclosure that sorrund the more notable temples gopuras are very common in Dravidian temples.

Pillered halls are used for many purpose and are the invariable accompaniment of three temples.beside a South temple usually has a tank called the the kalyani to be used for sacred purpose or the convenience of the priests dwellings for all the greads of the priesthoods are attached to it and other buildings for state or convenience influence from different periods.

Sangam period 

The period roughly between the 3rd century B.C. and 3rd century A.D. in South India (the area lying to the south of river Krishna and Tungabhadra) is known as Sangam Period.

It has been named after the Sangam academies held during that period that flourished under the royal patronage of the Pandya kings of Madurai.

At the sangams eminent scholars assembled and functioned as the board of censors and the choicest literature was rendered in the nature of anthologies.

These literary works were the earliest specimens of Dravidian literature.

According to the Tamil legends, there were three Sangams (Academy of Tamil poets) held in the ancient South India popularly called Muchchangam.

The First Sangam, is believed to be held at Madurai, attended by gods and legendary sages. No literary work of this Sangam is available.

The Second Sangam was held at Kapadapuram, only Tolkappiyam survives from this.

The Third Sangam was also held at Madurai. A few of these Tamil literary works have survived and are a useful sources to reconstruct the history of the Sangam period.

The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire existing from the mid-to-late 3rd century CE to 543 CE. At its zenith, from approximately 319 to 467 CE, it covered much of the Indian subcontinent. This period is considered as the Golden Age of India by some historians.

Pallav arectechure

The Pallava dynasty existed between the 3rd and 9th centuries CE, ruling a portion of what is today Andra Pradesh (early Pallavas) and Tamil Nadu (later Pallavas). You may note here for comparison that early Chalukyas ruled in present day Karnataka. Kanchipuram was the capital of the Pallavas from 4th to 9th century. Huen Tsang had visited this city and wrote it a glorious city.

The Pallava architecture shows the transition from the rock cut temples to the stone built temples.  The earliest examples of the Pallava art are the rock cut temples of the 7th century AD, while the later examples are of structural temples built in 8th and 9th century. The lasting monolithic temples known as rathas and mandapas provide superb skill of sculptors of Pallava period. The monolithic temples (Eg: Five rathas) gave way to structural temples like the Shore temple in Mammalapuram.

Nagoer style  

Nagoer style of architecture in three north Indian Hindu style.nagor style spread himalyan range from the highest degree of recognition of the 

Temples to be the civil developed at the temple sanctum.respectively interlude before in pavilion and arddhmndp recived attached to each other on the same axis are used to manufacture these parts.

Shilpa shastras construction of civil rendered femniine eight parts civil temples.

• The basic premises on which the whole building is erected.
• Msurk part the foundation and walls.
• Leg walls cespecially the wall of the sanctuary.
• Dove entabalure
• Peak top of the sanctum semctorum of the temple of the top part.
• The cervix the peak top f the upper part circular indian goose berry the bottom of the vase on top of peak.
• urn peak shirabhag .

Madhev temple (khujrav),lingraj temple (Bhuvneshwar), jagannath temple(puri).

Konark sun temple, Mukteshwar temple.etc

Vesar shali arectechure vesar sali arectechure mixed arectechure Dravidian and nagor temple lying in region between vindhyas and the river krishna.

Etymological the term vesar is belived to have been derived from the Sanskrit word beast meaning area to take long walk .

The quarter of buddhist and Jain monks who left urban area to live in elora cave tempes were called viharas.this is also in conformit with the prevalence of vesar style and of arectechure. In the decean and central parts of South Asia style .prevlant in South India.

Virupaksha temple of hampi,pattadakal in Karnataka baijnath temple.

British arectechure

The aim of colonial architecture under British rule was to build structures to house their people and their organisations to control Indian empire. Under colonial architecture,

Saracenic was a term used by the ancient Romans to refer to a people who lived in desert areas in and around the Roman province of Arabia, and who were distinguished from Arab. Some use this term to refer to Indo-Islamic Architecture. However, it basically refers to the style that diffused from the 1870’s to the early 20th century for colonial buildings in India, adding the elements of Mughal architecture, to the base of Victorian Gothic style.

Indo-islamic arectechure

Indo-Islamic architecture is the architecture of the Indian subcontinent produced by and for Islamic patrons and purposes. Despite an initial Arab presence in Sindh, the development of Indo-Islamic architecture began in earnest with the establishment of Delhi as the capital of the Ghurid dynasty in 1193.

In the 7th and 8th centuries CE, Islam spread towards Spain and India.

Islam came to India particularly with merchants, traders, holy men and conquerors over a passage of 600 years.

Although by the 8th century Muslims had begun to construct in Sindh, Gujarat, etc., it was only in the 13th century that large-scale building activity was begun by the Turkish state, established after the Turkish conquest of the North India.

A noteworthy aspect of these migrations and conquests was that Muslims absorbed many features of local culture and tradition and combined them with their own architectural features.

Thus, in the field of architecture, a mix of many structural techniques, stylized shapes, and surface decorations came about through constant interventions of acceptance, rejections or modifications of architectural elements.

These architectural entities or categories showcasing multiple styles are known as Indo-Saracenic or Indo-Islamic Architecture.

By the 12th century, India was already familiar with monumental construction in grandiose settings.

Certain techniques and embellishments were prevalent and popular, such as trabeation (the use of beam rather than arches or vaulting), brackets, and multiple pillars to support a flat roof or a small shallow dome.

The arches in early constructions were shaped in wood and stone, and were unable to bear the weight of the domes/top structures.

Such arches needed to be constructed with voussoirs (series of interlocking blocks) and fitted with keystones.

Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form should follow function (functionalism); an embrace of minimalism; and a rejection of ornament.

Iconic architecture assists in the identification of a place, city or precinct. Structural, functional and aesthetic aspects of architecture, particularly those that represent unique features, attract tourists.

Indian Architecture is diverse, vast, ancient and mesmerizing like the country itself. Architecture tours in India offer the best opportunity to explore the treasure of architectural styles. Owing to the legacy of almost 5000 years, India is witness to many monuments and styles of architecture. Listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Wonders of the World and many masterpieces that the world marvels at, the list of best architectural buildings in India are innumerable.

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